Prevalência, controle e tratamento da hipertensão arterial sistêmica em Nobres - MT / Prevalence, control and treatment of arterial hypertension in Nobres - MT / Prevalencia, control y tratamiento de la hipertensión arterial sistémica en Nobres - MT

Fundamento: A hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS), considerada um problema de saúde pública devido a sua elevada prevalência e dificuldade de controle, é descrita também como um dos mais importantes fatores de risco para doenças cardiovasculares. Objetivo: Estimar a prevalência da HAS, assim como as características de seu controle e tratamento, na população de 18 a 90 anos da região urbana de Nobres - MT. Métodos: Estudo transversal, de base populacional, com amostragem aleatória e com reposição. O critério para classificação da HAS foi pressão arterial (PA) > 140/90 mmHg ou uso atual de anti-hipertensivos. As entrevistas foram realizadas utilizando-se questionários padronizados e testados previamente. As variáveis foram descritas por médias ± desvios-padrão e frequências. As médias foram comparadas utilizando-se o teste t-Student e as associações por meio do teste do qui-quadrado de Pearson, com nível de significância de 5 por cento. Resultados: Nos 1.003 indivíduos maiores de 18 anos analisados, foi observada prevalência de HAS de 30,1 por cento. Entre os hipertensos (N = 302), 73,5 por cento sabiam dessa condição, 61,9 por cento faziam tratamento e 24,2 por cento tinham a PA controlada. Observou-se a associação positiva entre HAS e idade; analfabetismo; escolaridade inferior a oito anos; IMC > 25kg/m²; circunferência da cintura aumentada e muito aumentada; razão cintura-quadril (RCQ) em faixa de risco; sedentarismo e etilismo. Conclusão: A HAS revelou-se um importante problema de saúde pública também em um município de pequeno porte do interior do país. Os níveis de controle e tratamento da hipertensão nessa população foram considerados insatisfatórios, apesar de melhores em comparação aos observados em outros estudos.

Background: Systemic Arterial Hypertension (SAH), considered a public health problem due to its high prevalence and difficult control, is also described as one of the most important risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of SAH, as well as characteristics related to its control and treatment, among individuals aging between 18 and 90 years from the urban region of Nobres, MT. Methods: Cross-sectional, population-based study, with random sampling and with replacement. For classification of SAH, criteria included blood pressure (BP) > 140/90 mmHg or current use of antihypertensive drugs. Individuals were interviewed with standardized questionnaires previously tested. Variables were described as means ± standard deviations and frequencies. Means were compared with the Student´s t test and associations were determined with the Pearson chi-square test, with a significance level of 5 percent. Results: SAH has a prevalence of 30.1 percent in the sample, composed of 1,003 individuals older than 18 years. Among hypertensive individuals (N = 302), 73.5 percent knew about their condition, 61.9 percent were under treatment and for 24.2 percent the BP was under control. A positive association was observed between SAH and age; illiteracy; less than 8 years education; BMI > 25 kg/m²; high and very high waist circumference; waist-hip ratio (WHR) at risk level; sedentariness; and alcoholism. Conclusions: This study showed that SAH represents an important public health problem even in a small district in the interior region of Brazil. Levels of control and treatment of hypertension in the population were higher than those observed in similar studies, but were considered not satisfactory.

Fundamento: La hipertensión arterial sistémica (HAS), considerada un problema de salud pública debido a su elevada prevalencia y dificultad de control, se describe también como uno de los más importantes factores de riesgo para las enfermedades cardiovasculares. Objetivo: Estimar la prevalencia de la HAS, así como las características de su control y tratamiento, en la población de 18 a 90 años de la región urbana de Nobres - MT. Métodos: Estudio transversal, de base poblacional, con muestreo aleatorio y con reposición. El criterio para la clasificación de la HAS fue la presión arterial (PA) > 140/90 mmHg o el uso actual de antihipertensivos. Se realizaron las entrevistas utilizándose encuestas estandarizadas y comprobadas previamente. Se describieron las variables por promedios ± desviaciones estándar y frecuencias. Se compararon los promedios utilizándose el test t-Student y las asociaciones por medio del test de chi-cuadrado de Pearson, con nivel de significancia del 5 por ciento. Resultados: En los 1.003 individuos mayores de 18 años analizados, se observó una prevalencia de HAS del 30,1 por ciento. Entre los hipertensos (N = 302), el 73,5 por ciento sabía de esa condición, el 61,9 por ciento hacía tratamiento y el 24,2 por ciento tenía la PA controlada. Se observó la asociación positiva entre HAS y la edad; analfabetismo; escolaridad inferior a 8 años; IMC > 25kg/m²; circunferencia de la cintura aumentada y muy aumentada; razón cintura-cadera (RCC) en grupos de riesgo; sedentarismo y etilismo. Conclusión: La HAS se reveló un importante problema de salud pública también en un municipio de pequeño porte del interior del país. Los niveles de control y tratamiento de la hipertensión en esa población se consideraron insatisfactorios, aunque mejores si comparados a los observados en otros estudios.

Prevalence, control and treatment of arterial hypertension in Nobres - MT.

BACKGROUND: Systemic Arterial Hypertension (SAH), considered a public health problem due to its high prevalence and difficult control, is also described as one of the most important risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of SAH, as well as characteristics related to its control and treatment, among individuals aging between 18 and 90 years from the urban region of Nobres, MT. METHODS: Cross-sectional, population-based study, with random sampling and with replacement. For classification of SAH, criteria included blood pressure (BP) > or =140/90 mmHg or current use of antihypertensive drugs. Individuals were interviewed with standardized questionnaires previously tested. Variables were described as means +/- standard deviations and frequencies. Means were compared with the Student s t test and associations were determined with the Pearson chi-square test, with a significance level of 5%. RESULTS: SAH has a prevalence of 30.1% in the sample, composed of 1,003 individuals older than 18 years. Among hypertensive individuals (N = 302), 73.5% knew about their condition, 61.9% were under treatment and for 24.2% the BP was under control. A positive association was observed between SAH and age; illiteracy; less than 8 years education; BMI > or = 25 kg/m(2); high and very high waist circumference; waist-hip ratio (WHR) at risk level; sedentariness; and alcoholism. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that SAH represents an important public health problem even in a small district in the interior region of Brazil. Levels of control and treatment of hypertension in the population were higher than those observed in similar studies, but were considered not satisfactory.